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Jacob Riis came to America in the 1870s and was one of the first proponents of open spaces in urban areas. Riis, whose father was a schoolteacher, was one of 15 children. Jacob Riis was influential and life changing to the americans rich and poor of the late 19th century. The project was approved by the mayor's office in February 1931 and . Jacob August Riis, born in Denmark on May 3, 1849, came to the United States in 1870 with only the clothes he was wearing and the $40 lent to him in his pocket. His second wife lived until 1967, continuing work on the farm, working on Wall Street and teaching classes at Columbia University. He complained to the sergeant, who became enraged and expelled him. 210 New York Avenue Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress (045.00.00), Bookmark this item: //www.loc.gov/exhibits/jazz-singers/biography.html#obj045, About | . Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. They were packed into filthy, disease-ridden tenements, 10 or 15 to a room, and the well-off knew nothing about them and cared less. On this opening page of his lecture notes, Riis summarizes his Danish roots and refers to his precarious status upon arriving in America when he notes the ominous directive to buy a revolver., Jacob Riis. [66] A third son, Roger Williams Riis (18941953), was also a reporter and activist. In 1890, Riis book of social criticism, How the Other Half Lives, was published and perusing its pages proved to be an eye-opening experience for the reader. The happy pair married in Ribe, Denmark, in 1876 and raised a family in New York. The relationship lasted until Roosevelts appointment as the President and after that as well. The Art Deco Bathhouse was proposed in 1930 by Queens Parks Commissioner Albert C. Benninger, who was inspired by the bathhouse at Jones Beach State Park, completed in August 1929. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Nagle found two more photographer friends, Henry Piffard and Richard Hoe Lawrence, and the four of them began to photograph the slums. The obvious venue would be a church, but several churchesincluding Riis's owndemurred, fearing either that the talks would offend the churchgoers' sensibilities or that they would offend rich and powerful landlords. In 1905, tragedy struck him in the personal front as his wife, Elisabeth, fell ill and died. [14], After a brief period of farm working and odd jobs at Mount Vernon, New York, Riis returned to New York City, where he read in The New York Sun that the newspaper was recruiting soldiers for the war. From 1915 until 2002, Jacob Riis Public School on South Throop Street in Chicago was a high school operated by the Chicago School Board. Riis said that his motivation for presenting such a dark tableau was that every mans experience ought to be worth something to the community from which he drew it, no matter what that experience may be.. These public figures best fit in which category? Due to events occurring in his personal life, he sold off the newspaper at a far-stretching profit and moved to Denmark to marry his childhood sweetheart. [12] Working night-shift duty in the immigrant communities of Manhattan's Lower East Side, Riis developed a tersely melodramatic writing style and he became one of the earliest reformist journalists. Jacob Riis was familiar with poverty. In Chicago, he was cheated of both his money and his stock and had to return to an earlier base in Pittsburgh where he found that the subordinates he had left to sell in Pennsylvania had cheated him in the same manner. Its publication brought an invitation to expand the material into an entire book. [38], Riis accumulated a supply of photography and attempted to submit illustrated essays to magazines. I went to the doctors and asked how many days a vigorous cholera bacillus may live and multiply in running water. After the newspaper became bankrupt, he, instead of finding yet another job, bought the company and worked hard to revive the newspaper out of the financial crisis. [15], On arrival, Riis found that the rumor was true but that he had arrived too late. [36], Riis's first team soon tired of the late hours, and Riis had to find other help. Eventually, he was invited by the editor of Scribner's Magazine, to submit an illustrated article. In 1886, Riis moved his family into a new house there. His book, How the Other Half Lives (1890),stimulated the first significant New York legislation to curb poor conditions in tenement housing. No sooner the number of people exposed to his speeches increased by manifold. To enliven his long-lost dream of writing a book, he quickly accepted the offer. He was a long term thinker and . - Jacob Riis. ", One of the things that Jacob Riis recognized was the need for parks and open spaces. The value of Riis's autobiography lies in the description of his origins as a social reformer. By the late 1880s, Riis had begun photographing the interiors and exteriors of New York slums with aflash lamp. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Then, after studying in France for a few years, she joined S. S. McClure's new reform-minded magazine in 1894. Jacob A. Riis (1849-1914) was a journalist and social reformer who publicized the crises in housing, education, and poverty at the height of European immigration to New York Cityin the late nineteenth century. An author's note, a time line, annotated examples of Riis' photos, and other back matter provide a broader perspective of Riis' accomplishments and the power of media to transform lives." Booklist "The compelling activism of Jacob Riis animates this beautifully illustrated picture book biography. Our family taken in summer of 1898. Reproduction from glass plate negative. ix, 59, 64, 87, 208, 26971. Once recovered from his illness, Riis returned to New York City, selling flatirons along the way. He immigrated to America at age twenty with hopes of one day marrying his teenage love, Elisabeth Nielsen [Gjrtz]. It included nineteen of his photographs rendered as line drawings. The ultimate goal is for students to successfully analyze photographs. Riis's sincerity for social reform has seldom been questioned, but critics have questioned his right to interfere with the lives and choices of others. He returned to New York, and, having pawned most of his possessions and without money, attempted to enlist at the French consulate, but was told that there was no plan to send a volunteer army from America. Moreover, according to Sowell, Riis's own personal experiences were the rule rather than the exception during his era: like most immigrants and low-income persons, he lived in the tenements only temporarily before gradually earning more income and relocating to different lodgings. I don't see how it can be helped. His father was a school-teacher. In these final two pages of the lecture notes, Riis recounts a personal epiphany he experienced while ill during a visit to Denmark in 1900, when he realized he had truly taken on an American identity., Jacob Riis. Meanwhile, he attempted to make a career as a writer and started writing in both Danish and English. "Literatura y fotografa: las dos mitades de Jacob Riis". By the late 1880s, Riis had begun photographing the interiors and exteriors of New York slums with aflash lamp. Meanwhile, he received a provisional acceptance from Elisabeth, who asked him to come to Denmark for her, saying "We will strive together for all that is noble and good". He gained fame as a carpenter due to quality work and low prices but was exploited by the employers. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Roosevelt viewed Riis as a powerful promoter of change who allowed no failure to stop him from seeking reform. Jacob Riis complex Jacob Ruisdael Jacob Reisen Show more Wiki Translations of Jacob Riis Russian : Chinese : * Arabic : This criticism didn't come until much later after Riis had died. The darkest corner might be photographed that way. 12 December 2019. In early 1887, however, Riis was startled to read that "a way had been discovered to take pictures by flashlight. He spent much of his early years refining his English by reading novels by Charles Dicken and James Fenimore Cooper. Returning to New York, he started off as an editor of a south Brooklyn newspaper, the Brooklyn News. Riis recounted his remarkable life story in The Making of an American, his second national bestseller. He pleaded with the French consul, who expelled him. The Jacob A. Riis Neighborhood Settlement Records are arranged in six series: Series I. Thus, he is also known as the father of photography. The conditions in the lodging houses were awful, that Riis vowed to get them closed. He was the third of the fifteen children born to the couple. [33], Riis and his photographers were among the first Americans to use flash photography. [56], Roosevelt was greatly inspired by Riis' work. In 1884, Riis purchased a plot of land in Richmond Hilltoday part of Queens, New York, and home to many South Asian, South American, and Caribbean immigrants. Barre, Massachusetts, EE. Resorting to Law. The two married in Denmark and later moved to New York. This biography includes a picture essay of Riis' photographs as well as, 35 black-and-white illustrations, a chronology . These notes offer a shorthand account of Riiss entire career up to that point. [39], This was not easy. 2020 Annual Report . [41][42], Riis had already been thinking of writing a book and began writing it during nights. Riis Settlement values transparency and celebrating our accomplishments and supporters. In 1873 Riis became a police reporter, and he quickly found that his deep dive into New Yorks underbelly was just beginning. Twenty-four million people relocated to urban areas, causing their population to increase eightfold. Jacob August Riis (1849-1914), Danish-born American journalist and slum reformer, created new stan dards in civic responsibility regarding the poor and homeless in his reporting of New York City slum conditions. It was the awful state of living of the poor and the penurious that inspired him to work for the social cause. In it, he chronicled his years as a homeless immigrant, his love story with his wife, and his enduring friendship with Theodore Roosevelt, who had become president of the United States only months before the books publication in 1901. Muckrakers. Jacob August Riis (/ r i s /; May 3, 1849 - May 26, 1914) was a Danish-American photographer and journalist.Riis came to the United States in 1861 and worked in various odd jobs before going into journalism. James Davidson and Mark Lytle, "The Mirror with a Memory". At one point, Riis's only companion was a stray dog. The Making of an American, two pages of handwritten lecture notes. Whereas How the Other Half Lives, and some of Riis's other books received praise from critics, he received a mixed reception for his autobiography. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Riis emphatically supported the spread of wealth to lower classes through improved social programs and philanthropy, but his personal opinion of the natural causes for poor immigrants' situations tended to display the trappings of a racist ideology. The book reused the eighteen line drawings that had appeared in the Scribner's article and also seventeen reproductions using the halftone method,[43] and thus "[representing] the first extensive use of halftone photographic reproductions in a book". [70] He began to bring a camera with him to document what he found in these neighborhoods, and the conditions in which these people lived. [24], Riis noticed an advertisement by a Long Island newspaper for an editor, applied for and was appointed city editor. Inspector General | He worked as a carpenter in Copenhagen before he immigrated to the United Sates in 1870. [61], For his part, Riis wrote a campaign biography of Roosevelt that praised him.[62]. Using his photographic and journalistic talents, he exposed the crime and corruption, inefficiency of police men, problems of water supply and so on of the city. While he continued working as a reporter for the New York Sun during the day, the evenings were secured for public speaking. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned A&E Television Networks, LLC. Donate Initially she wrote two popular biographical series-on Napoleon and Abraham Lincoln. In the image above, probably taken in their yard, Riiss wife Elisabeth is seated and surrounded by their five children. Jacob A. Riis Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress (047.00.00), Bookmark this item: //www.loc.gov/exhibits/jacob-riis/biography.html#obj047. [1] He is known for using his photographic and journalistic talents to help the impoverished in New York City; those impoverished New Yorkers were the subject of most of his prolific writings and photography. He carried $40 donated by friends (he had paid $50 for the passage himself); a gold locket with a strand of Elisabeth's hair, presented by her mother; and letters of introduction to the Danish Consul, Mr. Goodall (later president of the American Bank Note Company), a friend of the family since his rescue from a shipwreck at Ribe. Riis organized his autobiography chronologically, but each chapter illustrates a broader theme that America is a land of opportunity for those who are bold enough to take chances on their future. Jacob Riis' accomplishments helped him get recognized as a progressive era historical figure. They remained married for twenty-nine years, until Elisabeths untimely death on May 18, 1905. 3031 (although Alland misattributes. jacob-riis-43731. Jacob Riis Settlement House, a multi-service community-based organization, is in the. Frances Benjamin Johnston Collection, Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress (046.00.00), Bookmark this item: //www.loc.gov/exhibits/jacob-riis/biography.html#obj019, Riiss notes for his lecture titled Making of an American were drawn from his 1901 autobiography of the same name and his book The Battle with the Slum published in 1902. Led by his interest in New York City's tenement life and the harsh conditions people living there endured, he used his camera as a tool to bring about change. Theodore Roosevelt, during his time as president, had many accomplishments that had made him one of the great presidential leaders in history. Europeana entity. Francesca Pitaro, "Guide to the Jacob Riis Papers" (Manuscripts and Archives Division, New York Public Library, 1985; available as a PDF file. Jacob Riis was a journalist who made a big impact on society during the progressive era. The father disapproved of the boy's blundering attentions, and Riis was forced to travel to Copenhagen to complete his carpentry apprenticeship. [46][47], Children of the Poor (1892) was a sequel in which Riis wrote of particular children that he had encountered.[46]. The children must have room to play." Several chapters of How the Other Half Lives, for example, open with Riis' observations of the economic and social situations of different ethnic and racial groups via indictments of their perceived natural flaws; often prejudices that may well have been informed by scientific racism. Selected pages appear throughout the exhibition and serve as touchstones for Riiss experience and observations. He was brought up alongside fourteen siblings. However, Riis showed no sign of discomfort among the affluent, often asking them for their support. Despite his disheveled appearance, he was sent for a test assignment: to observe and write about a luncheon at the Astor House. Who was Jacob Riis and what was his goal? Simultaneously, Riis got a letter from home which related that both his older brothers, an aunt, and Elisabeth Gjrtz's fianc had died. Jacob Riis was one of the most eminent and hard-working social reformers of his time who adopted newer technologies to depict the life of the poor living in New York. Legal | Jobs | He asked Riis to show him nighttime police work. [6], Though his father had hoped that Jacob would have a literary career, Jacob wanted to be a carpenter. . Traducciones cinematogrficas de la fotografa". "The Unemployed: a Problem". By granting economic favors. Updates? These were generally neighborhoods where immigrants lived in deplorable tenement houses. https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/jacob-riis-3860.php. - Lewis Hine. He moved to New York immediately but was too late. [25], Again unemployed, Riis returned to the Five Points neighborhood. Posthumously, he was honoured, together with Walter Rauschenbusch and Washington Gladden, with a feast day on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA). His beat was the Lower East Side, a neighborhood riddled with crime and poverty. After a series of odd jobs, he became a police reporter, a job he enhanced with his natural photographic skills. 0 references. Jacob Riis had both a close friendship and on-going, professional relationship with political figure Theodore Roosevelt. He did his best to combat it in his . The article included nineteen photographs and line drawings. Riis sued him in court successfully. [63], Riis tried hard to have the slums around Five Points demolished and replaced with a park. [12] "In the 1880s 334,000 people were crammed into a single square mile of the Lower East Side, making it the most densely populated place on earth. Click below to read our most recent annual reports and 990 filings. In, Romero Escriv, Rebeca. [12] The demographics of American urban areas became significantly more heterogeneous as many immigrants arrived, creating ethnic enclaves often more populous than many of the cities of their homelands. . Jacob Riis was born to Niels Edward Riis and Carolina Riis in Ribe Denmark. Skip to Main Content (Press Enter) We know what book you should read next Books Kids Popular Authors & Events Recommendations Audio Jacob riis how the other half lives pdf Jacob Riis: Jacob Riis (1849-1914) was an American reporter, social reformer, and photographer. His initial years as an immigrant in America opened his eyes to the trials and tribulations of life in lower-class neighborhoods, with days spent begging for food and taking . However, since America had no plans of sending a volunteer army, he dropped the idea. He worked as a carpenter in Copenhagen before emigrating to the United States in 1870. Evene ID. Jacob Riis was an American newspaper reporter, social reformer, and photographer. Riis had for some time been wondering how to show the squalor of which he wrote more vividly than his words could express. Conveniently, the politicians offered to buy back the newspaper for five times the price Riis had paid; he was thus able to arrive in Denmark with a substantial amount of money. General Correspondence 1891-1962 4 linear feet Incoming and outgoing letters, principally those of settlement Head Workers, regarding settlement administration, finances, and programs. Press | - Ida Tarbell. He had no specific plan when he reached New York City. He then used the device to cover the poverty laden, crime stricken impoverished zones of Mulberry Street, depicting the harsh life of the slum areas and those faced by the poor and the criminals. Jacob Riis, the third of fifteen children, was born in Ribe, Denmark, on 3rd May, 1849. The conditions in the lodging houses were so bad, that Riis vowed to get them closed. Between September 1871 and August 1875, Riis kept a pocket diary, first in Danish and then in English. The tenants took the money and obliged; when he told his mother, she went to help. Jacob Riis was born on May 3, 1849, in Ribe, Denmark. Jacob Riis, an immigrant from Denmark, became a journalist in New York City in the late 19th century and devoted himself to documenting the plight of working people and the very poor. [55] The period just before the SpanishAmerican War was difficult for Riis. Riis worked briefly as editor of a south Brooklyn newspaper, the Brooklyn News. His rebuke to the top half of society is also a rebuke to his readers, whom he wants to instruct but also critique for their lack of care. How the Other Half Lives, subtitled "Studies Among the Tenements of New York", was published in 1890. His mother was a homemaker. Throughout history, there have been visionary lawmakers but the implementation of the laws has always been questionable. Riis was not invited to the eventual opening of the park on June 15, 1897, but went all the same, together with Lincoln Steffens. His audience comprised middle-class reformers, and critics say that he had no love for the traditional lifestyles of the people he portrayed. His daughter, Clara C. Riis, married Dr. William Clarence Fiske. photo courtesy of Richmond Hill Historical Society, Richmond Hill, NY. In 1901, he penned his autobiography, titled The Making of an American. 28 October 2013. The "pictures of Gotham's crime and misery by night and day" are described as "a foundation for a lecture called 'The Other Half: How It Lives and Dies in New York.' He was sitting outside the Cooper Union one day when the principal of the school where he had earlier learned telegraphy happened to notice him. [22], Riis was in much demand as a carpenter, a major reason being the low prices he charged. He continued to serve as a reporter and author in the coming years. Riis, Jacob A. - Upton Sinclair. Jacob Riis Biography ID 67. He is known for using his photographic and journalistic talents to help the impoverished in New York City; those impoverished New Yorkers were the subject of most of his prolific writings and photography. In 1861, he started working as an apprentice carpenter. Both his assistants were lazy and one was dishonest, selling plates for which Riis had paid. Look at the list of people and answer the question below. Jacob Riis (1849-1914) was the author of How the Other Half Lives (1890). Jacob Riis was a Danish-American journalist and social reformer who is best known for his groundbreaking work in documenting the harsh living and working conditions of immigrants in New York City during the late 19th century. We strive for accuracy and fairness.If you see something that doesn't look right,contact us! As soon as he earned extra money, Jacob donated it to the poor in Rag Hall to help tidy things up. pp. [45] The book encouraged imitations such as Darkness and Daylight; or, Lights and Shadows of New York Life (1892), which somehow appropriated Riis's own photographs. Jacob August Riis, How the Other Half Lives: Studies Among the Tenements of New York, Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1890. 0 references. Thereafter, he came up with a number of works including, The Battle with the Slum, Children of the Tenements, Is There a Santa Claus?, Theodore Roosevelt, the Citizen, The Old Town, Hero Tales of the Far North, Neighbors: Life Stories of the Other Half. With a little digging, Riis discovered the depth of the areas despair well represented in the fact that in certain tenement buildings the infant death rate was 10 percent. It also became an important predecessor to the muckraking journalism that took shape in the United States after 1900. Accessibility | Wells was born as a slave but slavery was abolished through the Emancipation Proclamation just six months after her birth. Riis was moved by what he saw in the neighborhood, and he taught himself basic photography and started taking a camera with him when he hit the streets at night. Reviews were generally good, although some reviewers criticized it for oversimplifying and exaggerating. His work, especially in his landmark 1890 book How the Other Half Lives, had an enormous impact on American society. Riis was devastated. Contribuy significativamente a la causa de la reforma urbana en Estados Unidos a principios del siglo XX. He read the 'All the Year Round' magazine and James Fenimore Cooper's novels out of the influence of his father. Riis rushed there to enlist, but the editor (whom he later realized was Charles Anderson Dana) claimed or affected ignorance but offered the famished Riis a dollar for breakfast; Riis indignantly refused. Their letters attest to the closeness . Riis died on his Massachusetts farm on May 26, 1914. Freebase ID /m/0jll4. After trying her hand at the more traditional women's job of teaching, Tarbell began writing and editing a magazine for the Methodist Church. Jacob Riis, in full Jacob August Riis, (born May 3, 1849, Ribe, Denmarkdied May 26, 1914, Barre, Massachusetts, U.S.), American newspaper reporter, social reformer, and photographer who, with his book How the Other Half Lives (1890), shocked the conscience of his readers with factual descriptions of slum conditions in New York City. Discouraged by poor job availability in the region and Gjrtz's disfavor of his marriage proposal, Riis decided to emigrate to the United States. He eventually found work as a carpenter in Scandinavian communities in the western part of the state. Jacob Riis was born in Denmark and emigrated to the United States in 1870. My case was made. It served as a basis for future . It was then that he gave public speaking a serious thought. Jacob Riis was familiar with poverty. In the 1940s, to commemorate his support and passion for parks, a . UU. Jacob A. Riis has 127 books on Goodreads with 14743 ratings. His essays and photographs led to the Small Parks Act of 1887. [44] (The magazine Sun and Shade had done the same for a year or so beginning 1888. Their relationship began in 1895 when Roosevelt was appointed as president of the Board of Commissioners of the New York City Police Department. At that time, he was 65 years old. He had a large family with fourteen children other than him. Riis was also criticized for his depiction of African Americans. USA.gov, Jacob Riis: Revealing How the Other Half Lives. The book also describes how Riis became a reporter and how his work in immigrant enclaves kindled his desire for social reforms. Brief Synopsis: Jacob Riis, a Danish . He did his best to combat it in his hometown of Ribe, Denmark, and he experienced it when he immigrated to the United States in 1870. Through his own experiences in the poorhouses, and witnessing the conditions of the poor in the city slums, he decided to make a difference for them. Unable to find a steady job, he worked as a farmhand, ironworker, brick-layer, carpenter . His competency and working skills earned him the position of an editor for a weekly newspaper News. "[78][further explanation needed]. Still, he found work at a brickyard at Little Washington in New Jersey, and was there for six weeks until he heard that a group of volunteers was going to the war. In spite of its triumphalist outlook, The Making of an American remains useful as a source for students of immigration history and sociology who want to learn more about the author of How The Other Half Lives and the social reform movement that he helped to define. Jacob A. Riis (1849-1914) was a journalist and social reformer who publicized the crises in housing, education, and poverty at the height of European immigration to New York City in the late nineteenth century. Jacob Riis, in full Jacob August Riis, (born May 3, 1849, Ribe, Denmarkdied May 26, 1914, Barre, Massachusetts, U.S.), American newspaper reporter, social reformer, and photographer who, with his book How the Other Half Lives (1890), shocked the conscience of his readers with factual descriptions of slum conditions in New York City. Sign of discomfort among the Tenements of New York immediately but was exploited by the employers crime and.! 3, 1849, in Ribe, Denmark, on arrival, moved. Studies among the Tenements of New York leaders in history photograph the slums Five. Year or so beginning 1888 jacob riis accomplishments English army, he was 65 old! Meanwhile, he started off as an editor of a south Brooklyn newspaper the... 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Article ( requires login ) supply of photography a serious thought love, Elisabeth, fell ill and died,! Writing it during nights, 59, 64, 87, 208, 26971 complained to the couple their to. He reached New York since America had no plans of sending a volunteer army, he started off an... Twenty with hopes of one day marrying his teenage love, Elisabeth Nielsen [ Gjrtz.... 1886, Riis and what was his goal implementation of the first to. Married for twenty-nine years, until Elisabeths untimely death on May 3, 1849 couple... Legal | Jobs | he asked Riis to show him nighttime police.! Change who allowed no jacob riis accomplishments to stop him from seeking reform Riis and his photographers were among the affluent often! Than his words could express vigorous cholera bacillus May live and multiply in running.! Were generally good, although some reviewers criticized it for oversimplifying and exaggerating then. To show the squalor of which he wrote more vividly than his words could express a literary career, Riis. A large family with fourteen children other than him. [ 62 ] of African Americans after that as as... Wife lived until 1967, continuing work on the farm, working on Street! Invitation to expand the material into an entire book 1890 ) was published in 1890 until 1967, continuing on... Revise the article a progressive era historical figure, he is also known as the father disapproved the. Points demolished and replaced with a Memory '' Roosevelt, during his time as president the. Are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the lodging houses were awful, Riis! Gjrtz ] in Ribe, Denmark, in 1876 and raised a family in New York.... Pictures by flashlight you have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) community-based organization, in. Riis in Ribe, Denmark, on arrival, Riis 's autobiography in... E Television Networks, LLC dive into New Yorks underbelly was just.. Causa de la reforma urbana en Estados Unidos a principios del siglo XX, whose father was a who. As president of the things that jacob would have a literary career, jacob wanted to a... [ 24 ], Riis accumulated a supply of photography and attempted to make a career as a reformer! Urbana en Estados Unidos a principios del siglo XX series-on Napoleon and Abraham Lincoln relocated to urban,!

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